Forest and Shade Tree Pathology
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Forest and Shade Tree Pathology Cankers on Parade |
| Disease | Pathogen | Fruiting | Hosts | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nectria canker | Nectria galligena | <-superficial red perithecia | many hdwds., esp. birches, walnut | quintessential target canker; fruits fall-spring |
| Cylindrocarpon mali | <-sporodochia | |||
| Eutypella canker | Eutypella parasitica | black perithecia embedded in bark | maples | large flaring canker, fans |
Hypoxylon canker |
Hypoxylon mammatum | conidia first on mat and pillars, then perithecia in stroma | aspens | |
| Other cankers on aspen |
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| Cytospora cankers | Leucostoma, Valsa spp. | <-perithecia united in small stroma | various | |
| Leucocytospora, Cytospora spp. | <-pycnidia united in small stroma | |||
| Pitch canker | Fusarium circinatum (Fusarium subglutinans f.sp. pini) | sporodochia | various pines | SE epidemic in '70s, to CA in '80s |
| Scleroderris canker |
Ascocalyx abietina | <-small brown apothecia | red (+jack, Scots) pine, other conifers |
Shoot dieback or canker, European and NA races |
| Brunchorstia pinea | <-pycnidia | |||
| Beech bark disease |
Cryptococcus fagisuga | <-cottony scale | Am. + Eur. beech | Scale was introduced |
| Nectria spp., esp. coccinea var. faginata | <-superficial red perithecia | |||
| Cylindrocarpon faginatum | <-sporodochia | |||
Butternut canker |
Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum | pycnidia | butternut, Juglans cinerea | Disease first detected about 1967, killing large numbers of butternut, pathogen apparently non-native but origin unknown |
| Chestnut blight | Cryphonectria parasitica | perithecia and pycnidia like Cytospora cankers | chestnut | Introduced, drastically changed eastern forests |
| Black knot | Apiosporina morbosa | pseudothecia on hard black stroma | cherries | gall covered with stroma |
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"Al, let's use the Binford chainsaw and cut out that canker" "I don't think so, Tim" |
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